Noncircular air orifice in commingling jets for multifilament yarn

ABSTRACT

An improvement in an apparatus for commingling individual filaments in multifilament yarn is disclosed. The prior art commingling jet is a body having a gas passageway intersecting with a yarn passageway. The improvement is using a noncircular orifice near the exit of the gas passageway at the intersection of the gas passageway with the yarn passageway so that gas issues from the noncircular orifice to impinge on any yarn present in the yarn passageway.

United States Patent [191 Vermeer et al.

[451 Nov. 5, 1974 NONCIRCULAR AlR ORIFICE IN COMMINGLING JETS FOR MULTIFILAMENT YARN [75] Inventors: Dick Charles Vermeer, Chester, Va.;

Joseph Pontrelli, Newark, Del.

[73] Assignee: Allied Chemical corporation, New

York, NY.

Primary Examiner-Louis K. Rimrodt Attorney, Agent, or FirmRichard A. Anderson 57] ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Mar. 22, 1973 An improvement in an apparatus for commmglmg m- PP Flo-1343399 dividual filaments in multifilamcnt yarn is disclosed. The prior art commin'gling jet is a body having a gas [52] US. Cl. .L 28/l.4 passageway intersecting with a yam plssagcwuy' The [51] Int. Cl D02g 1/16 improvement is using a noncircular Orifice near the [58] Field of Search 28/l.4 72.12 exit of the gas Passageway at the intersection gas passageway with the yarn passageway so that gas [56] References Cited issues from the noncircular orifice to impinge on any UNITED STATES PATENTS yarn present in the yarn passageway.

3,425,l08 2/1969 Cerutti et al 28/7212 X 2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures Fig.1

PATENTED NOV 5 I974 NONCIRCULAR AIR ORIFICE IN COMMINGLING JETS FOR MULTIFILAMENT YARN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an apparatus for commingling individual filaments and multifilament yarn. More particularly, this invention relates to a commingling jet with a body having a yarn passageway and gas passageway intersecting with the yarn passageway and an improvement comprising having a noncircular orifice near the intersection in the gas passageway so that gas issues from the noncircular orifice to impinge on the yarn present in the yarn passageway. This invention is an improvement on the commingling jet disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,473,315, issued Oct. 21, 1969, to F. W. LeNoir, hereby incorporated by reference in toto. The above mentioned prior art jet was found to provide inadequate number of entanglements per meter for high speed yarn processes of texturized yarn. The improvement of this invention made possible high speed'commingling of textured carpet yarnhaving a sufficiently high number of entanglements per meter.

. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention is an improved apparatus for commingling individual filaments in a multifilament yarn. The apparatus is a commingling jet with a body having a yarn passageway and a gas passageway intersecting the yarn passageway. The improvement is providing the gas passageway with a noncircular orifice near the intersection with the yarn passageway so that gas issues from the noncircular disclosed to impinge on any yarn present, such as a continuous running length of yarn, in the yarn passageway as disclossed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,473,3l5 to LeNoir, incorporated by reference above. The cross section of the noncircular orifice may be polygonal, preferably square. The more preferred cross section is a V-shaped cross section having an are opposite the apex of the V so that the cross section of the orifice opening looks like a piece of pie. This improved noncircular orifice of the gas passageway exit applies particularly to the apparatus for commingling individual filaments in the multifilament yarn at high speed where the body of the commingling jet has a yarn passageway made up of an inlet passageway and an outlet passageway where the inlet has a larger diameter than the outlet. The inlet and the outlet are directly aligned on the same axis and the gas passageway intersects the yarn passageway at the junction of the inlet and the outlet at an angle of between about to about 75 as measured between axis of the gas passageway and the outlet of the yarn passageway.

This improved invention uses noncircular such as square or pie-shaped orifices to intensify the turbulent fluid stream at the impact point and increase the severity of entanglement and extend the working range of a commingling jet to achieve over 30 entanglements per meter at speeds of between 5,000 and 8,000 feet per minute. The air entry tube in the prior art jet disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,473,315 was replaced with a thin wall tube having at the exit end a V-shaped insert having a 60 V-angle." Tests on a running length of yarn showed entanglement increased more than 10 entanglements per meter over the standard tube. A similar tube equipped with a square port reduced the critical adjustment required with the single round port commingling jets and eased operability requirements. The

yarn run was 2600 denier, textured yarn. This improvement in entanglement'level was achieved with no deleterious effect on properties of the yarn.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a cross sectional elevation of the jet commingling device of this invention.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section at the exit of the gas passageway.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 and 2 show the preferred embodiment of this invention. FIG. 1 is a cross section view of the body of the apparatus of this invention. Yarn enters yarn passageway 1 through yarn inlet 6 into yarn inlet passage- EXAMPLE The device of this invention, as shown in FIG. I, was successfully used to commingle a running length of 2600 denier, 140 filament textured nylon 6 carpet yarn at 5,000 feet perminute. To measure entanglements per meter (epm), a special entanglement test based on the hook drop test is U.S. Pat. No. 2,985,995 (May 30, 1961 was used. This test has been modified to the special entanglement per meter test as follows. An entanglement among the filaments in the yarn bundle is so identified when it has the cohesion to hold a 10 gram hook which is allowed to slowly move down through the yarn. The entanglement tester counts the number of times a needle with a 40 gram trigger pull in a horizontally moving yarn is stopped. The instrument counts the stop, raises the needle, movesa fresh portion of yarn under the needle, inserts the needle, and starts the yarn moving. The instrument stops the test when the needle has moved through 2 meters of yarn. Approximately 1 meter of yarn by-passes the needle between needle insertions.

Using the commingling device shown in the prior art patent, U.S. Pat. No. 3,473,3 l 5, only about 25 epm was achieved. The device of this invention achieved about 38 epm. Both tests were conducted using pounds per square inch air fed to the tube 5. Another advantage observed was that the device of this invention'provides intermingling between the specific tie points which catch the needle in the epm test. while the prior invention did not. It has been observed empirically that the yarn processed in this example must have at least 30 epm for commerical acceptance for tuftability into carpet and general coherency within the multifilament bundle for yarn handling during all processing, including tail formation on wound packages. Thus, only by means of this invention could the proper epm level be reached at the high speed of 5,000 fpm. One could theorize that if the prior art commingling device could attain 38 epm, then air pressure would be so high that yarn would be damaged by the high pressure blast of air impinging on it. The air consumption per pound of yarn processed with the device of this invention would also be less, even if the epm level could be attained by the prior art device.

We claim:

1. In an apparatus for commingling individual filaments in a multifilament yarn comprising a body having a yarn passageway and a gas passageway intersecting with said yarn passageway the improvement comprising said gas passageway having a noncircular orifice near said intersection with said yarn passageway, said noncircular orifice having a V-shaped cross-section with an arc opposite the apex, so that gas issues from said noncircular orifice to impinge on any yarn present in said yarn passageway.

2. In an apparatus for commingling individual filaments in a multifilament yarn comprising a body having a yarn passageway made up of an inlet passageway and an outlet passageway said inlet having a larger diameter than said outlet, said inlet and outlet being directly aligned on the same axis, said body having a gas passageway intersecting said yarn passageway at the junction of said inlet and said outlet at an angle of between about 15 to about as measured between the axis of said gas passageway and said outlet yarn passageway, the improvement comprising said gas passageway having a noncircular orifice near said intersection with said yarn passageway. said noncircular orifice having a V-shaped cross-section with an are opposite the apex, so that gas issues from said noncircular orifice to impinge on any yarn present in said yarn passageway.

2 3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3, B45, 528 Dated November 5 1974 Inventor) Dick Charles Vermeer and Gene Josgnh Pontrelli It is certified that error appears in the abovu-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected 3:; shown below:

Item [75], Inventor's name Joseph Pontrelli was listed incompletely. It Should be: Gene Joseph Pontrelli-.

' Column 1, lihe 32, "disclosed" should be orifice-.

Column 1, line 34, "disclossed" should be --disclosed.

Signed and Scaled this ILMLIGPJZ I]: D 3 y of A ugust 1 975 [SEAL] Arrest:

V RUTH C. MASON (T MARSHALL DANN Alrefling Ofl'ifl'r f'nmmmwm u; PENN]! and Trademarks 

1. In an apparatus for commingling individUal filaments in a multifilament yarn comprising a body having a yarn passageway and a gas passageway intersecting with said yarn passageway the improvement comprising said gas passageway having a noncircular orifice near said intersection with said yarn passageway, said noncircular orifice having a V-shaped cross-section with an arc opposite the apex, so that gas issues from said noncircular orifice to impinge on any yarn present in said yarn passageway.
 2. In an apparatus for commingling individual filaments in a multifilament yarn comprising a body having a yarn passageway made up of an inlet passageway and an outlet passageway said inlet having a larger diameter than said outlet, said inlet and outlet being directly aligned on the same axis, said body having a gas passageway intersecting said yarn passageway at the junction of said inlet and said outlet at an angle of between about 15* to about 75* as measured between the axis of said gas passageway and said outlet yarn passageway, the improvement comprising said gas passageway having a noncircular orifice near said intersection with said yarn passageway, said noncircular orifice having a V-shaped cross-section with an arc opposite the apex, so that gas issues from said noncircular orifice to impinge on any yarn present in said yarn passageway. 